The rest of the 100 (in alphabetical order): Isabelle de Cremoux, chief executive, Quadrivium Seed Fund 1

As chief executive of venture capital firm Seventure Partners, Isabelle de Cremoux is responsible for its €56m ($74m) Quadrivium Seed Fund 1, set up in 2013 to provide early-stage funding to startups at Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University, Pantheon-Assas University, Sorbonne University and University of Technology of Compiègne.

De Cremoux is a former executive at pharmaceutical firm Pfizer and joined Seventure as director of its life sciences department in 2001, becoming CEO in 2011. In June this year, de Cremoux became an external member of the French government’s new Innovation Council.

Among Quadrivium’s portfolio companies is Scipio Biosciences, a biotech developer based in the iPeps-ICM incubator of the Brain and Spine Institute – located in Paris’s Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital. The startup raised $1.4m in a November 2017 funding round that featured the Quadrivium 1 fund and German public-private partnership High-Tech Gründerfonds.